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Java Program to perform addition of two matrix .

Java Code Example — Array Programs

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Java Program to perform addition of two matrix .

Objective

Write a Java program to perform the addition of two 3x3 matrices.

Algorithm / Approach

  1. Declare three 2D arrays (matrices) of size [3][3]: m1, m2, and m3.
  2. Use nested loops to read 9 integers into m1, and another set of nested loops for m2.
  3. Use nested loops to add corresponding elements: m3[i][j] = m1[i][j] + m2[i][j].
  4. Print the resulting m3 matrix in a grid format using spaces and newlines.
Matrix.java 
import java.util.Scanner;
class Matrix {
 void add() {
  Scanner s=new Scanner(System.in);
  int m1[][] = new int[3][3];
  int m2[][] = new int[3][3];
  int m3[][] = new int[3][3];
  System.out.println("Enter Elements of Mat1: ");
  for(int i = 0; i< 3; i++) {
   for(int j = 0; j< 3; j++) { 
    m1[i][j] = s.nextInt();
   }
  }
  System.out.println("Enter Elements of Mat2: ");
  for(int i = 0; i< 3; i++) {
   for(int j = 0; j< 3; j++) { 
    m2[i][j] = s.nextInt();
   }
  }
  System.out.println("Sum of the matrix: ");
  for(int i = 0; i< 3; i++) {
   for(int j = 0; j< 3; j++) { 
    m3[i][j] = m1[i][j]+m2[i][j];
    System.out.print(m3[i][j]+"  ");
   }
   System.out.println();
  }
 }
 public static void main(String[] a)
 {
  Matrix m = new Matrix();
  m.add();
 }
}

Expected Output

Enter Elements of Mat1:
1 2 3
4 5 6
1 2 3
Enter Elements of Mat2:
1 3 3
1 2 3
1 3 2
Sum of the matrix:
2  5  6
5  7  9
2  5  5

Explanation of the Program

  • A 2D array in Java is essentially an "array of arrays" and represents a mathematical matrix.
  • Matrix addition is straightforward: you add the element at row 1, column 1 of the first matrix to row 1, column 1 of the second matrix, and so on.
  • Nested for loops are required to navigate the grid: the outer loop handles the rows, and the inner loop handles the columns within that row.

Complexity

Time Complexity O(r * c) - Where r is rows and c is columns (O(N2) for square matrices).
Space Complexity O(r * c) - To store the resulting matrix.
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