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  Create classes as given in the figure . Find the area of circle ,triangle, rectangle,square.

C++ Code Example — Inheritance Programs

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  Create classes as given in the figure . Find the area of circle ,triangle, rectangle,square.

Objective

Write a C++ program to demonstrate Hierarchical Inheritance with different shapes.

Algorithm / Approach

  1. Create a single base class Shape containing common area calculation logic (areaCircle, areaRec, areaTri).
  2. Create three derived classes: Rectangle, Circle, and Triangle. All three inherit directly from Shape.
  3. Inside each derived class, ask for the specific dimensions needed and call the inherited calculation function from the base class.
main.cpp 
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
class Shape {
int ar;
 public:
 void areaCircle(int a) {
  ar = 3.14*a*a;
  cout<<"Area of Circle = "<< ar<< endl;
 }
 void areaRec(int a, int b) {
  ar = a*b;
  cout<<"Area of Rectangle "<< ar<< endl;
 }
 void areaTri(int a, int b) {
  ar = a*b/2;
  cout<<"Area of Triangle "<< ar<< endl;
 }
};
class Rectangle :public Shape {
 public :
 int l,b;
 void input() {
  cout<<"Enter Length , Breadth : ";
  cin>>l>>b;
  areaRec(l,b);
 }
};
class Circle : public Shape {
 public:
 int r;
 void input() {
  cout<<"Enter Radius : ";
  cin>>r;
  areaCircle(r);
 }
};
class Triangle : public Shape {
 public :
 int b,h;
 void input() {
  cout<<"Enter Base,Height : ";
  cin>>b>>h;
  areaTri(b,h);
 }
};
int main() { 
 Rectangle r;
 r.input();
 Triangle t;
 t.input();
 Circle c;
 c.input();
 return 0;
}

Expected Output

Enter Length , Breadth : 4 5
Area of Rectangle 20
Enter Base,Height : 5 4
Area of Triangle 10
Enter Radius : 7
Area of Circle = 153

Explanation of the Program

  • Hierarchical Inheritance is when multiple different child classes inherit from exactly ONE parent class (a "one-to-many" relationship).
  • Here, Rectangle, Circle, and Triangle are completely unrelated to each other, but they all share the common traits and functions provided by the single Shape parent.

Complexity

Time Complexity O(1)
Space Complexity O(1)
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