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C Program to add two matrix.

C Code Example — Array Programs

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C Program to add two matrix.

Objective

Write a C program to add two 2D Matrices.

Algorithm / Approach

  1. Declare three 3x3 matrices: m1, m2, and m3.
  2. Use nested loops (rows i, columns j) to read data into m1 and m2.
  3. Use nested loops to add the matrices mathematically: m3[i][j] = m1[i][j] + m2[i][j].
  4. Print the resulting m3 matrix.
main.c 
#include<stdio.h>
int main( ) {
 int r=3, c=3, i, j ;
 int m1[3][3], m2[3][3],m3[3][3];
 printf("Enter elements of mat1: ");
 for(i=0; i < r; i++){
   for(j=0; j < c; j++){
      scanf("%d", &m1[i][j]);
   }
 }
  
 printf("Enter elements of mat2: ");
 for(i=0; i < r; i++){
   for(j=0 ; j < c; j++){
     scanf("%d", &m2[i][j]);
   }
 }
 
 printf("Sum of Matrix :\n");
  for(i=0; i < r; i++) {
    for(j=0 ; j < c; j++) {
      m3[i][j] = m1[i][j]+m2[i][j];
      printf("%d  ", m3[i][j]);
     }
   printf("\n");
 }
 return 0;
}

Expected Output

Enter the elements of mat1 : 
1 2 3
2 3 4
1 5 4
Enter the elements of mat2 : 
6 5 3
3 4 5
6 5 3
Sum of Matrix :
7  7   6
5  7   9
7  10  7

Explanation of the Program

  • A 2D array (matrix) is essentially an array of arrays. The first index represents the row, and the second represents the column.
  • Matrix addition is straightforward: you simply add the elements that share the exact same coordinates (e.g., Row 0 Col 0 of M1 + Row 0 Col 0 of M2).

Complexity

Time Complexity O(r * c) - Where r is rows and c is columns.
Space Complexity O(r * c) - For storing the 3 matrices.
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